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Political Institutions and Party System Change in Chile

Competition, Realignment, and Breakdown
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Eduardo Aleman provides a definitive institutional account of how Chile's party system was remade-and ultimately undone-after authoritarian rule. In Political Institutions and Party System Change in Chile, Eduardo Aleman offers the most comprehensive analysis to date of Chile's party system, tracing its evolution from the 1930s through the early 2020s. He begins with an analysis of how parties interacted before 1973, establishing a historical baseline both for understanding how the post-authoritarian configuration diverged from its predecessors and for tracing how patterns of competition evolved. Aleman then examines how a major realignment following the end of military rule (1973-1990) produced a distinctive, remarkably stable post-authoritarian party system and investigates why that system unraveled nearly three decades later. Drawing from extensive original data on presidential cabinets, congressional voting, bill initiation, and elections, Aleman explores interparty competition across three core arenas: governmental, electoral, and legislative. He documents the importance of institutional arrangements inherited from the military regime by the new government and dissects how the 2015 electoral reform that eliminated the binomial system contributed to its demise. Ultimately, Aleman challenges sociological and continuity-based interpretations of Chilean politics and presents a conceptual framework for analyzing stability and change in party systems more broadly.
Eduardo Aleman is professor of political science at the University of Houston. His research focuses on political institutions, parties, and legislative politics, particularly in Latin America. His most recent book is The Law and Politics of Constitution Making: Lessons from Chile, coedited with Sebastian Soto Velasco.
Introduction: Party System Change 1. Party Competition and Presidential Cabinets, 1932-1973 2. The Congressional Arena 1957-1973: Policy Ties and Plenary Votes 3. Party System Realignment 4. Inherited Institutions: The Binomial Electoral System 5. Constitutional Constraints: Designated Senators and Supermajority Rules 6. The Breakdown of the Post-Authoritarian Party System Conclusions Bibliography
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